Yes, in many cases, urban outdoor furniture can be left outside during winter, but I wouldn’t treat it as a set-and-forget decision. It really depends on what the furniture is made of, where you live, and how much exposure it gets. Powder-coated aluminum, high-quality plastic, and sealed teak usually handle cold weather well. Mild steel, cheaper wicker, and untreated wood are more vulnerable, especially where there is salt, snow, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
If you’re leaving pieces out, clean them first and let them dry completely. Trapped dirt and moisture are what cause a lot of winter damage. Raise chairs and tables slightly off the ground so meltwater can drain, and use breathable covers rather than tightly wrapped plastic. Cushions, textiles, and small accessories should come indoors. Check metal for scratches or rust and touch up paint before winter; give wood a fresh coat of sealant if needed. In snowy cities, keep furniture away from roof drip lines and shoveled snow piles, and rinse off road salt when possible.
So the short answer is yes—urban outdoor furniture can often stay outside in winter, but only if it’s suited to the climate and you give it a little protection before the worst weather arrives.